\n
The latest attacks, which began on 11 April, saw Rapid Support Forces (RSF)-affiliated forces launch coordinated assaults on Zamzam and Abu Shouk \u2013 two of the largest camps for internally displaced people (IDPs) in Darfur \u2013 as well as the regional capital, El Fasher.<\/p>\n
Among those killed were 23 children as well as nine humanitarian workers who were operating one of the last remaining health posts.<\/p>\n
No end in sight to suffering<\/h2>\n
The UN Independent International Fact-Finding Mission (FFM) for Sudan condemned the violence, warning that the situation is deteriorating as ethnically driven violence and hate speech escalate.<\/p>\n
\u201cThe world has witnessed two years of ruthless conflict which has trapped millions of civilians in harrowing situations, subjecting them to violations and suffering with no end in sight<\/strong>,\u201d Mohamed Chande Othman, FFM chair, said in a statement on Monday.<\/p>\n\u201cAmid the rising tide of hate speech and ethnically driven violence and reprisals, we fear the darkest chapters of this conflict have yet to unfold.\u201d<\/p>\n
Bring perpetrators to justice<\/h2>\n
UN Secretary-General Ant\u00f3nio Guterres also condemned the latest violence, stressing that attacks on civilians, humanitarian and medical personnel are strictly prohibited under international law.<\/p>\n
\u201cThe perpetrators of these attacks must be brought to justice<\/strong>,\u201d he said, calling for urgent, safe and sustained access to besieged areas like Zamzam camp, where famine conditions have already been identified.<\/p>\n\n
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Tens of millions in Sudan are in desperate need of humanitarian assistance and protection. (file photo)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n
Two years of atrocities<\/h2>\n
The Darfur attacks are the latest flashpoints in a conflict that erupted on 15 April 2023, when fighting broke out in Khartoum between the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) and the RSF.<\/p>\n
The power struggle quickly descended into a nationwide civil war, killing thousands and displacing over 12.4 million people \u2013 more than 3.3 million as refugees into neighbouring countries.<\/p>\n
According to the FFM, both sides have committed serious violations of international humanitarian law, including deliberate attacks on civilians, rape and sexual violence, starvation tactics, mass looting and destruction of civilian infrastructure.<\/p>\n
Aid workers targeted<\/h2>\n
Clementine Nkweta-Salami, UN Humanitarian Coordinator in Sudan, described the escalation as \u201cdeadly and unacceptable,\u201d and condemned the deliberate targeting of civilians and aid workers.<\/p>\n
\u201cThese families \u2013 many of whom have already been displaced multiple times \u2013 are once again caught in the crossfire, with nowhere safe to go<\/strong>. This must end now,\u201d she stressed.<\/p>\nSurvivors from Zamzam camp \u2013 once home to over 750,000 people, half of them children \u2013 were reported as being placed under siege-like conditions, according to the FFM.<\/p>\n
Humanitarian access inside the camp remains nearly impossible, while children are reported to be dying from hunger and the few remaining health outposts have been overrun or destroyed.<\/p>\n
Protect children<\/h2>\n
The UN Children\u2019s Fund (UNICEF) also sounded the alarm.<\/p>\n
\u201cThese unconscionable acts of violence against civilians, children and aid workers must end immediately<\/strong>,\u201d said Executive Director Catherine Russell.<\/p>\n\u201cChildren must be protected from this senseless violence, and humanitarian workers must never be targets.\u201d\u00a0<\/p>\n
Ms. Russell warned that with aid blocked and violence surging, famine is already \u201cstalking children,\u201d placing over one million people at high risk in and around El Fasher and Zamzam camp.<\/p>\n
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![\"Clashes](\"https:\/\/global.unitednations.entermediadb.net\/assets\/mediadb\/services\/module\/asset\/downloads\/preset\/Collections\/Embargoed\/23-01-2024-UNICEF-Sudan-01.jpg\/image1170x530cropped.jpg\" "\\"Clashes")
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\u00a9 UNICEF\/Proscovia Nakibuuka<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n
Clashes and insecurity in Sudan has forced millions to flee their homes in search of safety. (file photo)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n
Situation beyond Darfur<\/h2>\n
Violations are not confined to Darfur.<\/p>\n
The SAF and its allies have allegedly committed reprisal attacks in areas recently recaptured from the RSF, particularly in Sinja and Al-Dinder in Sennar state and Wad Madani in Al-Jazirah (also spelled Gezira).<\/p>\n
Witnesses described arbitrary detentions, mass arrests and public executions, including in newly controlled areas of southern Khartoum, the FFM said. Many of those detained have reportedly disappeared.<\/p>\n
\u201cThese acts highlight the urgent need to prevent further escalation and to protect civilians and the lifesaving systems they rely on<\/strong>,\u201d said FFM member Mona Rishmawi.<\/p>\nStop encouraging the war<\/h2>\n
In the midst of the violence, the Fact-Finding Mission alongside humanitarian agencies continue to call for international accountability and support.<\/p>\n
As key regional and global actors set to meet this week in London to discuss humanitarian funding and strategies for civilian protection, the FFM reiterated the need for all States to \u201crespect and ensure respect\u201d for the Geneva Conventions \u2013 the core of international humanitarian law.<\/p>\n
\u201cThis means that States should neither finance the war nor provide weapons, as this may encourage, aid and assist the warring parties in committing violations<\/strong>,\u201d said Ms. Rishmawi.<\/p>\nThe Human Rights Council \u2013 UN\u2019s primary human rights forum \u2013 established the Independent International Fact-Finding Mission for Sudan in October 2023 and extended its mandate until October this year.<\/p>\n
Its core task is to investigate all alleged human rights violations and violations of international humanitarian law linked to Sudan\u2019s ongoing conflict since April 2023.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n
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