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New York: Voters in dozens of American cities approved restrictions or outright bans on data centers during Tuesday\u2019s midterm elections, in one of the clearest signals that a groundswell of anger over the AI boom has cut across political divides.<\/p>\n
\u201cDemocrat, Republican, that didn\u2019t matter,\u201d said Alisha Lange, a farmer from Piqua, Ohio. \u201cPeople want their town back.\u201d<\/p>\n
She was one of the driving forces behind the grassroots group Save Piqua, which advocated for a ban on data centers with a capacity of more than 25 megawatts, effectively ruling out any large-scale project.<\/p>\n
The ban passed in a ballot measure on Tuesday and now jeopardizes the construction of a data center worth more than $1 billion planned by Meta, even though the project had already been approved.<\/p>\n
The 42-year-old farmer wept with joy when she learned that two-thirds of voters approved the measure.<\/p>\n
\u201cWe\u2019re just a little farm town, and we would much rather just have a cornfield or have some sort of industry that provides an income to a larger amount of people,\u201d she said, referring to the relatively small number of jobs that data centers tend to create after they\u2019re built.<\/p>\n
While ballots are still being counted around the country, more than three dozen local measures have already passed that resulted in tighter regulations for data centers, according to consulting firm Redbud Consulting.<\/p>\n
The outcomes add to restrictions already imposed by nearly 600 jurisdictions across the country, according to Electric Choice, including entire states in some cases, like New York and Texas.<\/p>\n
Meta isn\u2019t the only big tech company spending billions on data center construction \u2014 Google, Microsoft and Amazon are also investing heavily in an effort to meet growing demand for their AI products and services.<\/p>\n
Last straw <\/p>\n
In Ottawa, a small town near Kansas City, residents also overwhelmingly approved a ban on large data centers.<\/p>\n
\u201cWe\u2019re not for sale,\u201d Michael Lewis said.<\/p>\n
Lewis is a member of a grassroots organization called Ottawa United, and ran for Congress this cycle as a Democrat, though he lost on Tuesday to the incumbent Republican.<\/p>\n
\u201cYou can dangle some money in our face, it doesn\u2019t mean we\u2019re going to give away our resources and deal with the environmental issues that stem from\u201d data centers, he said.<\/p>\n
In Janesville, Wisconsin, a majority of city council members were initially open to a proposal from developer Viridian, which was ready to put $8 billion on the table to build a data center on a former General Motors site that closed in 2008.<\/p>\n
But communities are starting to ask for more than job creation potential and total investment when scrutinizing new construction projects.<\/p>\n
\u201cWhat we\u2019re seeing now is that there is a much broader range of indicators that indicates a good project or a bad one,\u201d Cathy Erdman, a member of Janesville for Responsible Development, said.<\/p>\n
A project\u2019s impacts on local tax streams, broader infrastructure, quality of life and other land uses \u201ccan be equal to or greater in importance than the number of jobs or just the dollar amount in capital investment,\u201d Erdman said.<\/p>\n
Under pressure, the city council ultimately rejected the Viridian project in June, then adopted a one-year moratorium, before a majority of voters on Tuesday backed new restrictions.<\/p>\n
Any large-scale project on the former General Motors site must now be approved by referendum.<\/p>\n
While some in Janesville went to the polls to express their outright opposition to data centers, others simply wanted \u201cmore transparency,\u201d Erdman said.<\/p>\n
\u201cI believe that is the general consensus community-wide: that that project, in particular, was very poorly handled by the powers that be,\u201d the 45-year-old activist said.<\/p>\n
In Piqua, the Meta project was the last straw, Lange said, leading to the removal of two city council members and the mayor.<\/p>\n
In Ottawa, Lewis will remember the data center protest joining forces across the political aisle with a Republican official to win a court order for a referendum.<\/p>\n
\u201cIt was wonderful,\u201d he said. \u201cThat was the true meaning of community right there.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/div>\n