The Israeli military launched a campaign in Gaza to destroy Hamas in response to an unprecedented cross-border attack on southern Israel on 7 October, during which about 1,200 people were killed and 251 others were taken hostage.
More than 37,160 people have been killed in Gaza since then, according to the territory’s Hamas-run health ministry.
A deal agreed in November saw Hamas release 105 of the hostages in return for a week-long ceasefire and some 240 Palestinian prisoners in Israeli jails. Israel says 116 hostages are still being held, 41 of whom are presumed dead.
Mr Biden said the new proposal involved three phases.
The first would see an initial six-week ceasefire, when Hamas would release some of the hostages – including women, the elderly and the sick or wounded – in exchange for Israel releasing an undefined number of Palestinian prisoners.
A second phase would see all remaining living hostages released and the withdrawal of Israeli forces from Gaza as part of a permanent “cessation of hostilities”, but the latter would still be subject to further negotiations.
In the third phase, the remains of any dead hostages would be returned and a major reconstruction plan for Gaza would commence.
Mr Netanyahu has acknowledged that his war cabinet has authorised the plan, but has not unequivocally voiced support for it. Far-right members of his cabinet have threatened to quit his coalition and trigger its collapse if the deal goes forward, seeing it as surrender to Hamas.
The actual Israeli proposal – reportedly lengthier than the summary presented by Mr Biden – has not been made public and it is unclear whether it varies from what Mr Biden conveyed. It was presented to Hamas days before Mr Biden’s speech.
